About 150 people, many of them haitianamericans who came to savannah for the event, gathered in franklin square where lifesize bronze statues of four soldiers now stand atop a granite pillar 6. The haitian revolution was the only successful slave rebellion that resulted in an independent republic, and one of only two in which violence was involved in the abolition of slavery davidson, delay, et. Interactions with the environment the haitian revolution. For our fourth list, we asked marlene daut and john garrigus two experts in the haitian revolution to list the top five books they would suggest to graduate students or colleagues entering the field for the first time. Where the former omitted the haitian revolution from history books, the second acknowledged the revolution but dismissed its. As stated by jeanmarie daugy, we have not brought half a million slaves from the coasts of africa to make them into french citizens. I believe i did this back in 1991, and if so i know i have added quite a few works since then, but i dont know the date of this bibliograhy, i just found it in my files. Below you will find their lists, followed by brief descriptions culled from their book jackets. Jun 23, 2015 the following sources provide different historical views on the haitian revolution. The haitian revolution of 17911803 webster university. Toussaint laouverture was the leader of the haitian revolution in the late eighteenth century, in which slaves rebelled against their masters and established the first black republic.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The haitian revolution, lasting from 1791 to 1804, culminated in the first independent nation in the caribbean, the second democracy in the western hemisphere, and the first black republic in the world. For more on the haitian revolution, i spoke with catos own jason kuznicki. Boukman dutty, a haitian slave called on the slaves to have their own revolution.
Several factors precipitated the event, including the affranchis frustrations with a racist society, the french revolution, nationalistic. Impact of the haitian revolution on the caribbean and. The literature of the haitian revolution is substantially rich. List of books and articles about haitian revolution online. Bibliography of works on the haitian revolution all the works listed in this bibliography are in my own library.
The haitian revolution, as it is known today, was a great inspiration to slaves still in bondage throughout the americas, but it was devastating to. May 02, 2016 and if scholars today are more and more inclined to assume, appreciate, and investigate the impact of the haitian revolution on the making of the modern world, we might take this turn to haiti as evidence for the impact of c. The success of the sugar and other plantations was based on the large slave labor forces. Impact of the haitian revolution around the world part i. Ready to carry out their plans, the slaves meet in mornerouge to make final preparations and to give instructions. In 1789, there were growing insurrections from small whites and slaves. Gegguss concise account of the revolution is clear, efficient, and remarkably free of the usual mythologies, hagiographies, and demonizations, while his excellently selected documents outline the story very well on their own. The scholarship that does exist focuses on class and race structures, resistance of the enslaved and marronage, economic and political forces, and toussaint louverture. He emancipated the slaves and negotiated for the french colony on hispaniola, saintdomingue later haiti, to be governed, briefly, by black former slaves as a french protectorate. According to eugene genoveses from rebellion to revolution, this period saw the emergence of a new truly revolutionary type of bourgeoisdemocratie slave. Click on the links to see where the books are located in the library. One of vieuxchauvets earliest novels, dance on the volcano 1957, just published in a new english translation, does so by journeying back to the world of plantation slavery and of the haitian revolution. Books hist 112 haitian revolution research guides at santa.
The haitian revolution was the result of a long struggle on the part of the slaves in the french colony of st. The shortest account which one typically hears of the haitian revolution is that the slaves rose up in 1791 and by 1803 had driven the whites out of saintdomingue, the colonial name of haiti declaring the independent republic of haiti. Haitian revolution the entire haitian economy was dependent on the african slave population. Haitian revolution reading list age of revolutions. The most important revolution in history that you probably dont know. Set during the years of the haitian revolution 17911804, stella tells the story of two brothers, romulus and remus, who help transform their homeland from the french colony of saintdomingue to the independent republic of haiti. The novel is woven around the life of a real historical figure, minette, a free woman of african descent who overcame the racial barriers. This allowed haiti to defend itself from the french. Among his books are slavery, war and revolution and haitian revolutionary studies iup, 2003. The revolution against against french colonial rule radicalised the spirit of the french revolution by expanding its aims to cover the universal human emancipation, and lead to the first free black republic. The haitian revolution and louisiana purchase howstuffworks. Laurent dubois eloquently tells the story of the haitian revolution, from the old regime to haitian independence in 1804.
Starting in 1791, slaves throughout the french colony. The story of the haitian revolution cambridge, mass belknap press of harvard university press, 2004, 30001. Different perspectives on the haitian revolution mr. Discover delightful childrens books with prime book box, a subscription that delivers new books every 1, 2, or 3 months new customers receive 15% off your. Stoddards book gives a detailed account of the revolution that other books do not have.
The haitian revolution begins with the bois caiman ceremony. The haitian revolution to say that all men are born and created equally is an understatement to say the least. Apr 11, 2018 haitians at the time was part of the french empire, and slavery was legal at this time. Several factors precipitated the event, including the affranchis frustrations with a racist society, the french revolution, nationalistic rhetoric. Independence was the outcome of the extraordinary uprising of the colonys slaves.
The haitian revolution is important to world history in many ways. Haitian revolution cannot be separated from the wider concomitant events of the later eighteenthcentury atlantic world. The story of the haitian revolution new ed by dubois, laurent isbn. Starting in 1791, slaves throughout the french colony of saintdomingue rose up en masse and destroyed. Any number of books have been written over the centuries about the. List of books and articles about haitian history online.
The people of haiti managed to fight for the emancipation of slaves, as well as for the. In 1793, competing factions battled for control of the thencapital of st. Domingue, but was also propelled by the free mulattoes who had long faced the trials of being denoted as semicitizens. Madison smartt bells all souls rising, a historical novel set in the haitian revolution that began with the slave uprising of. Madison smartt bells haitian revolution trilogy fiction. Natural rights also influenced the people to rebel against their over. Historians of race relations in united states history have much to learn from the haitian revolution. The haitian revolution 18041805 brown university library. If the haitian revolution didnt occur, then some revolutions might not have occurred because the haitian revolution showed the world that once you work together, you can succeed.
The evocation of the ways in which women sought out space, autonomy, and futures for themselves and their families in the colonial order makes the book particularly powerful. Indeed, the period between 1750 and 1850 represented an age of spontaneous, interrelated revolutions, and events in saint 1 the bibliography on the haitian revolution is large and growing. This may have contributed to a rebellion against forced labor led by his nephew and top general, moise, in october 1801. The haitian revolution the first successful rebellion of african slaves in the americas horrified whites throughout the atlantic world. He rose in the ranks during the french revolution and in 1792 was sent to saint domingue as part of the second civil commission. Notes on leger felicite sonthonax webster university. Respected by few and hated by many, he died in his hometown of oyonnax to which he had returned after evading the surveillance of napoleons police. The haitian revolution came to north american shores in the form of a refugee crisis. Kant and trouillot on the unthinkability of the haitian revolution jeanmarie 4 european enlightenment and rolphtrouillots vie w of the enlightenment and his account of the haitian revolution as unthinkable. Domingue were unprecedented and completely new, and followed the american revolution of 1776 and french revolution of 1789, a third great revolution that had devastating implications on the countries still under the link of colonialism and slavery. S and the haitian revolution their eventual leader, toussaint louverture, was born into slavery on may 20, 1743. The haitian revolution was affected by a lot of different events that occurred due to the overuse of slavery in saint domingue. The abolition movement was making some progress before the haitian revolution, but its successes were limited to the gradual phasing out of slavery, freeing future children of slaves, in states.
Jamaica lies to the west and cuba to the northwest. In this collection of his writings and speeches, former haitian politician jeanbertrand aristide demonstrates louvertures profound contribution to the struggle for equality. In this collection of his writings and speeches, former haitian politician jeanbertrand aristide demonstrates louvertures profound contribution to the struggle. Legerfelicite sonthonax 7 march 1763 23 july 18 was a french abolitionist and jacobin before joining the girondist party, which emerged in 1791. Toussaint louverture was the leader of the haitian revolution in the late eighteenth century, in which slaves rebelled against their masters and established the first black republic. I use kants account of the enlightenment and rolptrouillots view to elaborate the premise of my argument that. If the fulltext of an article is not readily available in the database, click on the find it at scu icon to see if its available in. The enlightenment and its effects on the haitian revolution. Causes of haitian revolutionformer enslaved people still had to work on large plantations.
During the time of this rebellion, slavery was a large institution throughout the caribbean. Not only the best sourcebook on the topic available in english, but also an excellent model of research and interpretation. It is bounded on the north by the atlantic ocean, on the south by the caribbean sea, and on the east by the dominican republic. Especially if you are someone of african descent lost in the diaspora.
The fighting and ensuing fire destroyed much of the capital, and refugees piled into ships anchored in the harbor. Although a central event in the history of the french in the new world, the full significance of the revolution has yet to be realized. For scholarship on the impact of the haitian revolution in france and a fuller discussion of the points made in the next three paragraphs, see sepinwall, the specter of saintdomingue. The haitian revolution was considered one of the most successful revolutions of all time crash course. Ben fountains top 10 books about haiti books the guardian. The enlightenment ideals that influenced the french revolution stated that all men were free and equal. It is time, according to the author of this volume, to render justice to. Sonthonax was one of the most important leaders of the haitian revolution. The only successful slave revolt in history, french forces couldnt quell the haitian rebellion. During the haitian revolution, the series of issues that unfolded in st. During the french revolution, he controlled 7,000 french troops in saintdomingue during part of the haitian revolution. The haitian revolution, 17911805, historicising african. Toussaint louverture, leader of the haitian independence movement during the french revolution 178799.
For anglophone readers and students, dance is an ideal way to enter the world of colonial saintdomingue and the haitian revolution. Perhaps the fact that haiti is a small, relatively powerless country in comparison to the united states and france plays a role in this historical amnesia. Selected books on the haitian revolution available at scu. David patrick geggus teaches history at the university of florida, gainesville. Leger felicite sonthonax, son of a prosperous french merchant, was a bornagain revolutionary. The revolution was actually a series of conflicts during the period 17911804 that involved shifting alliances of haitian slaves, affranchis, mulattoes, and colonists, as well as british and french army troops. It is a narrative about the events during the revolution. In january 1804, the once wealthy colony of saintdomingue declared its independence from france and adopted the amerindian name haiti. This revolution was possible due to the large amount of slaves that had been living in haiti. A discipline in transition and jonathan edwardss moral thought and its british context. Haitian revolution 17911804, series of conflicts between haitian slaves, colonists, the armies of the british and french colonizers, and a number of other parties. Vieuxchauvets novel also does something few histories of the haitian revolution do. Madison smartt bells haitian revolution trilogy jeremy d. The haitian revolution shocked the world, but as unthinkable as a revolt of the slaves was to the slaves holders, it was foreseen by not only some of the most influential and brilliant minds of the time, but the colonial government itself, as it was stated in an official report that sooner or later saint domingue overworked and underfed.
The slaves decide that upon a given signal, the plantations would be systematically set aflame, and a generalized slave insurrection set afoot. A concise history of the haitian revolution is a valuable resource for those studying independence movements in latin america, the history of the atlantic world, the history of the african diaspora, and the age of the american and french revolutions. Haiti was the second country in the americas, after the united states, to free itself from colonial rule. Sep 22, 2008 toussaint louverture was the leader of the haitian revolution in the late eighteenth century, in which slaves rebelled against their masters and established the first black republic. On this small island, the tyrants were the slave owners, people who not only denied their slaves freedom, but felt justified in killing them. Slave revolts in the united states did not succeed, but the haitian example shows that their failure was not inevitable. The insurrection on the i sland of san domingo came from the mass of enslaved blacks in the french sugar plantation colony there, who risked everything to pursue freedom. The french and haitian revolutions, and resistance to slavery in the. The haitian revolution was a thirteenyear struggle between colored people and the white colonial authorities. Discover librarianselected research resources on haitian revolution from the questia online library, including fulltext online books, academic journals, magazines, newspapers and more.
Home browse history caribbean and west indian history haitian revolution. On this day in 1791, the haitian revolution began with a religious ceremony at bois caiman. This revolt was not unique, as there were several rebellions of its kind against the institution of plantation. Toussaint louverture was a leader of the haitian revolution. This brilliantly crafted book is a vital contribution to our understanding of law, empire, and revolution in the french atlantic. A biography reveals surprising sides to haitis slave liberator. When the french revolution began, white settlers on haiti called for independence. It was the first independent latin american nation and the second independent country in the western hemisphere, after the united states. The haitian revolution, although a major event in history of the 18th century, is nowhere near as famous as the earlier american or french revolutions. Girard does not wish to contribute to a revolutionary program, not in a.
An island luminous is a site to help readers learn about haitis history. Geographical and historical treatment of haiti, including maps and statistics as well as a survey of its people, economy, and government. Avengers of the new world laurent dubois harvard university. Inspire a love of reading with prime book box for kids discover delightful childrens books with prime book box, a subscription that delivers new books every 1. Apr 28, 2017 vieuxchauvets novel does something few histories of the haitian revolution do. The haitian revolution was the largest and most successful slave revolt in recorded history. In 1791, the outbreak of the haitian revolution, at first localized in one district of the colonys northern plain, soon spawned waves of slave insurgencies that assembled and fought the horrors of oppressi.
Explore how the slaves freed themselves in the haitian revolution the haitian revolution was a slave rebellion that began in 1791 in the french colony of saintdomingue, now known as haiti. An economic power force dragged a socially unbalanced amount of slaves to the island of saint domingue, ultimately fueling the fire for the haitian revolution. The first and only successful slave revolution in the americas began in 1791 when brutally exploited. In this collection of his writings and speeches, former haitian politician jeanbertrand aristide demonstrates louvertures profound contribution to the struggle for. Europe and the world demanded sugar from the caribbean, and the most efficient way thought up at the time was through slave labour. The following sources provide different historical views on the haitian revolution. Through the struggle, the haitian people ultimately won independence from france and thereby became the first country to be founded by former slaves. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Economic statistics for saint domingue including value of exports, credits and debts, expenses and maritime statistics from 1785 to 1792 highlighting the colonies economic prosperity.
Francoisdominique toussaint louverture also known as toussaint louverture or toussaint breda, was a haitian general and bestknown leader of the haitian revolution. Historicizing african contributions to the emancipation movement. Kant and trouillot on the unthinkability of the haitian. His distinctive contribution is to bring to life one of the most significant events in. American and french reactions to the haitian revolution, in the haitian revolution. Jamess work on the region, but he reimagines the geography of black revolt by documenting the impact of the haitian revolution in france, britain, spain, and most notably, in the united states too.
I then turn to some specific ways in which the capes guides covered the haitian revolution with implications for what french students are and are not learning about race and frances colonial past. Compare and contrast the revolutions causes the french revolution the american revolution 1. The haitian revolution was the forerunner of modern anticolonial movements in the third world. Norman fiering is author of moral philosophy at seventeenthcentury harvard. Napoleon dispatched 20,000 soldiers to restore peace and order, but a combination of yellow fever and unyielding solidarity among the former slaves defeated the militarys efforts. With this fine book, james alexander dun joins a burgeoning and important scholarship reassessing the longignored impact of the haitian revolution on early. Born in saintdomingue, in a long struggle for independence toussaint led enslaved africans and afrohaitians to victory over french colonisers, abolished slavery, and secured native control over the colony, haiti. In this collection of his writings and speeches, former haitian politician jeanbertrand aristide demonstrates louvertures profound contribution to the. Thi wonderful collection draws on a variety of exewitness accounts, letters, and governmental documents to examine the causes of the haitian revolution and the impact it had on the eighteenthcentury atlantic world. I also highly recommend three books of primary source documents in english about the haitian revolution. There were roughly 700,000 slaves and only 38,000 white europeansthe haitian revolution, uky. Stella, first published in 1859, is an imaginative retelling of haitis fight for independence from slavery and french colonialism.